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Cochlospermum, from the Greek, kochlos a shellfish with a spiral shell and sperma a seed referring to the seeds of some species which are spirally twisted. Trees with alternate, deeply palmately-lobed leaves. Usually monsoon deciduous, flowering when leafless. Flowers large, 5-merous, petals yellow, stamens numerous, anthers dehiscing by pores. Ovary superior, fruit a capsule, splitting to expose a thin papery membrane. Numerous seeds covered with cottony-like white hairs. Cochlospermum is the only Australian genus in the family. This family is sometimes included in the Bixaceae.